South Africas Foreign Policy And National Security...

Introduction: In this paper, I will explain South Africa’s foreign policy and national security concerns over the ongoing conflict in Syria. In order to understand how Syria developed into its current state, I will then provide an overview of the history of the country. The history will begin at the end of World War I after the fall of the Ottoman Empire and will then continue through French control and the subsequent uprising. It will then proceed on to World War II, the founding of the Baath Party, and the joining of the United Arab Republic. As the overview approaches the 21st century, I will briefly cover the rise of Assad, the war with Israel, and the uprising in Hama. Lastly, I will cover the Assad succession, tensions with the United States, and on through the nationwide uprising of 2011. In the next section of this paper, I will cover South Africa’s foreign policy concerns with Syria including statements they have made and their general feelings and opinions of the ongoing situation. Next, I will elaborate on South Africa’s foreign policies regarding Syria. This section will include what intervention they advocate, their policies on refugees, and their overall belief of what should be done about the conflict. Finally, the paper will draw to a close with a conclusion concerning what should be done about the conflict in Syria. Background to the Problem: The history of the contemporary state now known as Syria began with The Sykes-Picot Agreement between the FrenchShow MoreRelatedThe Tumultuous Past of South Sudan1773 Words   |  7 PagesSUMMARY: South Sudan has had a tumultuous past, with two civil wars since before the region’s independence; these resulted in the serious neglect, lack of development – infrastructure – and major destruction of property and displacement of peoples. It seceded from Sudan on 30th January 2011. The new state was plagued by farther rebellions, tribal clashes and border conflict with the Sudan – this conflict was resolved through mediation supported by the African union. The current conflict broke outRead MoreGlobalization and its effect on the South African economy and the JSE securities exchange9415 Words   |  38 Pageseconomy. 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Sula by Toni Morrison - 1378 Words

Q. Discuss how many characters describe Sula’s birthmark which looks different to several people in The Bottom. Does the birthmark reflect their fears or dreams? How so? Lots of people see Sula in different lights. Their relationship with her determines what they may see above her brow. Most of her relatives and her best friend Nel see a rose. Shadrack, the town crazy, sees a tadpole. Jude first sees a copperhead snake. How her birthmark ‘shifts’ depends on the mood and notions of the person viewing it. It has nothing at all to do with the content of Sula’s character, which so many folks believe to be evil. Sula’s birthmark is mostly seen as a long-stemmed rose. The rose is commonly a symbol for love and is revered for its†¦show more content†¦He may also see Sula as a temptress, a surefire poison that causes the death of his marriage to Nel. On the next page, Jude changes his tune a bit. â€Å"But thinking that Sula had an odd way of looking at things and that her wide smile took some of the sting from that rattlesnake over her eye. A funny woman, he thought, not bad-looking. But he could see why she wasnâ €™t married; she stirred a man’s mind maybe, but not his body.† (104) This thought process shows Jude coming around to the idea that Sula may not be so bad, after all. She shows intellect and that can be appealing, making her seem more tempting as a whole, regardless of her body. Although†¦thinking this and deciding Sula might be attractive means he’s tempted by her fruit and aroused by her somehow. Nel still sees a rose when she comes to visit a sick Sula, years after their friendship pushed pause. â€Å"For the first time in three years she would be looking at the stemmed rose that hung over the eye of her enemy†¦She would be facing the black rose that Jude had kissed†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (138). Nel’s perception of Sula’s birthmark has not changed. She doesn’t see a snake or any other deviant creature. She still thinks of it as a beautiful, pure rose which suggests that Nel still feels there’s a kinship between them. Why else would she bother to visit Sula and see if she needsShow MoreRelated`` Sula `` By Toni Morrison1367 Words   |  6 Pagesand well rounded motif, developed throughout the enlightening 1973 novel, ‘Sula’, by Toni Morrison. As an important motif, sacrifice can be a difficult concept for many people to do themselves and as shown in this novel, the audience is shown how the act of sacrifice has both good and bad consequences. How the act of sacrifice can be done through love and have a positive outcome, but more often than not and most common in ‘Sula’ there are either personal ramifications regarding sacrifice, or outcomesRead MoreSula by Toni Morrison1529 Words   |  7 PagesSula by Toni Morrison, is a book about a black female and the various events throughout her life. The majority of these events were at the fault of Sula, but because of her past she did not know, or could not understand any better. Sula became the woman that she was because of the peopl e and events that were around her during her childhood. When Sula was a child, she grew up faster than most children because of the things that she saw and heard, so it was almost as if she had a loss of childhoodRead MoreTheme Of Sula By Toni Morrison1195 Words   |  5 PagesProfessor Potter 5 September 2017 Paper 1 In Toni Morrison’s novel â€Å"Sula†, identity is a theme that is made evident through the struggles and experiences of certain characters. In chapter 1919, Morrison tells the story of World War II veteran Shadrack, through an omniscient narrator point of view. In doing so, the reader is able to clearly see how Shadrack himself processes what is going on around him, and how his identity is being shaped. Morrison introduces the character as the founder of NationalRead MoreEssay on Sula by Toni Morrison1521 Words   |  7 PagesSula by Toni Morrison In the novel Sula, by Toni Morrison we follow the life of Sula Peace through out her childhood in the twenties until her death in 1941. The novel surrounds the black community in Medallion, specifically the bottom. By reading the story of Sula’s life, and the life of the community in the bottom, Morrison shows us the important ways in which families and communities can shape a child’s identity. Sula not only portrays the way children are shaped, but also the way that aRead MoreThe Novel Sula By Toni Morrison1398 Words   |  6 PagesThe novel Sula was written by Toni Morrison in 1973. The book was written around the time of many controversies including racism and women’s rights. It tells the story of Sula Peace and how she handles the many situations in her life. She has many trials and tribulations when it comes to her family and also her peers. She has many different types of conversations, which all of them basically end with Sula making them mad or even conf used. The novel talks about the battle between good vs evil. ItRead MoreIdentity, By Toni Morrison s Sula1441 Words   |  6 PagesIdentity is a major theme in Toni Morrison’s Sula. Scholars discuss the different identities that the characters possess, but tend to fail to mention character development or lack of character development. Character development or lack thereof is usually an important literary move in most writing. This development provides a deeper understanding of characters in addition to a deeper understanding of themes throughout the literature. Sula focuses mainly on the lives of Sula and Nel, which makes trackingRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula980 Words   |  4 Pageswho find themselves questioning. For there are choices and risks in every relationship. There are good and evil in each and everyone. In this time it is the 1900s set in Medallion, Ohio. Toni Morrison s Sula takes readers on a journey through pillars, betrayals and tragedies surround ing two girls; Nel Wright and Sula Peace. The Bottom originated from a master and a slave. After some arduous tasks, the slave was given a piece of land on top of the hills. This is where the black community settle onRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula 1631 Words   |  7 PagesFor Sula Peace and Nel Wright, in Sula, defining oneself in a pool of racism and varying moral standards is by no means challenging. Through a vivid and consistent emphasis of color and physical appearance, author Toni Morrison effectively outlines Sula and Nel’s attempts to comprehend and create their personal identities separate from the own mothers’ influences. Based on their situations, it appears that anyone can easily alter their character and self to fit their desires. However, Morrison ultimatelyRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula 1906 Words   |  8 PagesSula is written by Noble Prize winner in Literature, Toni Morrison. Morrison’s novels are known for their epic themes, dramatic dialogue, and opulently detailed characters. This novel contains originality and overflows with problematic situations that take place during the time after World War I. Sula opens up in a town called Bottom, which is mostly occupied by African Americans. This town is positioned, in the hills above the mostly white, wealthier community of Medallion, Ohio. This town hasRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula1655 Words   |  7 Pagesthe two girls share as a result of their juvenescence--or does it? In Toni Morrison s Sula, this scene, among others, appears at first to be both irrelevant to the novel’s underlying theme and out of place with regard to the rest of the plot. Yet, when analyzed further, the literary devices that Morrison uses in these scenes bring readers to a vastly different conclusion. These scenes serve as windows into the mind of Morrison and even into the larger themes present in the text. So, perhaps two girls

Advantages of Social Network Sites-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Social Networks in Business. Answer: Introduction Social media has a great impact in todays world and it has been adopted all over the world as the new trend in promoting businesses. There has been a tremendous growth in a number of social media such as Facebook and twitter which have captured a number of users all over the world just in a few years. The rapid growth of technology is a sign that many people are definitely gaining on its benefits. It has since become part and parcel of human life and its not only used by the developed nations but also the underdeveloped has come to understand the power of social media in bettering their lives. However, every good thing has its own disadvantages and social media is not an exception. It has really affected the society in a negative way despite its importance. This therefore means that the use of social media is on our hands and it is upon every user to use it to its advantage. Billions of shillings are spent in broadcasting corporation by the Australian government and this is a clear i ndication of its vastness and the need of it to be noticed whether its effects positively or negatively impact the users of social media in Australia. This study therefore tries to conduct a research on the advantages and disadvantages of using social network in business in Australia. Project Objective It is evident that there are a number of channels that can be used in promoting businesses such as social media which envelops Facebook, twitter, LinkedIn, instar gram, pinterest and many others (Arregle et al., 2007). This study therefore tries to solve certain mystery to achieve the following objectives. To examine the contribution of social network sites on the performance level of businesses. To unlock the advantages and disadvantages of social network sites on the performance level of businesses. To come up with better strategies on how to effectively utilize social network sites for the success of a business. Project Scope In the western countries, social media acts as one of the strongest power of all. It is seen as the most reliable source and the fastest means of promoting a companys business in Australia. Adequate information on the advantages and disadvantages of social network on the performance level of businesses will be gathered from the literature review. Literature review Concept of Social Networks in Business The world is a small village when it comes to modern technology. Social network sites are no exception as they define the web-based services, which allow people to share their common interests with others on the same social network platform. They enhance an organizations advertisement effectiveness; marketers can use this platform as a perfect opportunity to promote their brands. The mostly used social network sites are Facebook, Instagram, Google+, Twitter and YouTube(Baltar Brunet, 2012). Empirical Evidences in Relation to Social Networks in Business According to Bwire (2016), there is an increasing popularity of social media sites among the consumers of Australia. There is however a sizeable gap between the social networking strategies of Australia business and behavior of the customers.27% small scale businesses use social network sites, whereas 34% medium scale businesses use social network sites for promoting their brand value (Carney, 2005). Figure 1: Social Network Usage in Australian Businesses (Source: Carney 2005) Influence of Social Networks on Consumer Buying Pattern Actions have consequences; positive or negative. Over the past few decades, the shopping pattern of the customers has shown a massive change. Customers are now more inclined towards searching for information regarding their required products and services online (Cho et al., 2007). Advantage of Social Networks on performance level of Business Enhancing Brand Image Gabby and Leenders (1999) noted that social network sites increase brand exposure to the new and potential customers thus enhancing the familiarity of the brands to the existing customers. Insights about Customer Preferences Social networking sites can access ample amount of data about the customers in real time, Greve and Salaff (2003). They can gather enormous amount of information about the customers in regards to brand preferences, suggestions, challenges and dislikes. This propagates active engagement between an organization and its customers. Increasing Search Ranking and Traffic Website Organizations post advertisements on social network sites, which mostly contain high quality contents, Shriver, Jenkins (2009). Such high quality contents increase the targeted keywords for the organizations therefore increasing the traffic website in online platform, which enhances brand presence. New Business Opportunities Social network sites undoubtedly form a basis for new business opportunities and amelioration of existing business enterprises. Through the feedbacks gotten from consumers, organizations improve their brands as per core business preferences. Therefore, organizations can find new and improved business opportunities for gaining high level of business performance. Increasing Competitive Advantage It is important for business enterprises to gain a competitive edge against over their competitors. This helps save the organization advertisement costs thus reducing the organizations overall cost. Reduced organizational cost facilitates the organization towards achieving cost leadership and gaining competitive advantage. Improved Customer Service Efficient customer service and relations form part of the backbone of a business. The feedback received from the customers should help organizations in gaining deep customer insights thus the knowledge of customer preferences, dissatisfaction and suggestions regarding particular products and services. (Sledgianowski and Kulviwat (2009) pointed out that such customer feedbacks facilitate the organizations aligning their business model with specific preferences of the customers. Disadvantage of Social Networks on performance level of Business Negative Feedback Just as there exists two sides of coin, so is there two sides of a business; Positive feedbacks shared by consumers encourage other customers as well as the organization. However, there are also negative feedbacks shared by consumers on the social network sites which are discouraging to the customers as well as the organization. Time Investment and Hidden Cost Time is a critical factor when it comes to business ventures. Wright (2005) opined that the organizations may need to invest huge time in posting attractive product information, interacting with customers and receiving feedbacks from the customers. All these activities will definitely require ample and valuable time of the organization. This may however increase an organization's overall cost. Legal Risk Business ventures attract a myriad of risks. Social network sites can result to organizations facing legal risks since there are rules and laws governing the use of social networks for any form of use or purpose. Proper Usage of Social Network Sites Organizations should put in place an efficient team that exclusively deals with the usage of social network sites. This will ensure effective management of the platform right from the selection of the most viable social network platform which is cut out to facilitate business growth of the organization, to the posting of highly attractive advertisement content and finally the efficient handling of feedback both positive and negative on the social network sites (Picazo-Vela et al., 2012). Gap of the Literature Every literature research is bound to face some limitations which would question the quality of the ultimate research outcome. This literature review is of no exception since it has some limitations. Time limitation towards the collection of authentic information from adequate secondary sources about the research topic is one of the challenges. Budgetary issues cant be ignored as they form the basis of the research. Limited budget denied adequate access of secondary sources hence the lack of critical analysis and penetration in the literature review. Research Questions/Hypothesis Primary Question What are the advantage and disadvantage of using social network in business in an Australian context? Secondary Questions How to evaluate the level of social network in businesses? Do the advantages and the disadvantages of using social network in business affect the population of the country? The primary research presented in this study is our main objective of trying to find out the advantages and disadvantages of using social network in businesses. The sub questions are there to give support and sense to the main question. It therefore means that the questions provided and the literature reviews are a single entity. Research questions should be linked to Literature Problems, Gaps, and Hypothesis Research Design and Methodology The study used a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of research design. Quantitative method was used to find out numbers of common traits among the respondents concerning characteristics related to and significant for the study (Sledgianowski Kulviwat, 2009). Some of these characteristics included the numbers that use social media for business purposes, the advantages and disadvantages that accrue after using social network in business, and how this affects their business. Qualitative research allowed for the description of respondents opinions. There was expected to be a varied degree of opinion perceptions and views of the respondents that were sampled. Since the study was mainly concerned with what the respondents think about the advantages and disadvantages of using social network in business qualitative approach gave more room for the interpretation of their ideas (Tsai Ghoshal, 1998). By the use of qualitative method, the study reviewed content pertinent to t he subject in focus. variables The study used two major variables to assist in the process of data analysis; dependent and independent variables. Wright (2005) says that an independent variable is used to predict the outcome of the dependent variable. In this study, advantages and disadvantages of using social network in business depends on what people use social media for. Depending on the use, social media platforms can either be disadvantagious or advantagious to the business success. Therefore, the pros and cons of using social network in business was the dependent variable that depends on what social medis is used for. Social Media use was the independent variable that directly influences the success of a business. Study population The physical research was conducted in the University of Queensland in Australia. The population of the country comprise of the young covering a larger percentage and the old. According to Zimer (1986), a population for study stands for the resident of a community about whom the study is. The study examined human behaviour online, and one of the characteristics of the online media space is that it is unpredictable and not necessarily restrictive according to any factors like age and gender. The study was hence non-restrictive according to age or gender. According to the statistics from Facebook, 69% of their users are aged between 18 and 29. The study targeted the average university students who fall within the same age bracket (Tsai Ghoshal, 1998). By their numbers, have a greater opinion in the social media space than any other age group. Sampling technique and sample size The study employed the use of purposive sampling techniques. Oliver (2012) says that purposive sampling is the type of sampling where the decisions about the subjects to be included in the research arrive at based upon a variety of criteria that may comprise the researchers knowledge of the area of research or willingness to participate in the research and capacity to carry out the research. The study sampled the subjects based on their characteristics relevant to the research. Methods of data collection The instrument for data collection was the use of questionnaires. The questionnaires contained both closed-ended, and open-ended kinds of questions for qualitative and quantitative data. The questionnaires were divided into four sections: section A, B, C and D. Section A had had the respondents bio data and section B to D contained the research questions. Some of the questionnaires were physically administered to the respondents for data collection and collected back afterward while others were mailed to the respondents. Research Limitations Limitations of research can be defined as the aspects involved in the research design or methodology that had an impact or in one way or another influenced the interpretations of the findings in research. They are a consequence of the decisions the researcher chose to do during the conduction of the research study including the method they used to establish validity. The generalization of the study in Australian context could limit the research results; it is therefore prudent to include different countries in the study to obtain better results. The researcher might come across limitations such as time constrains as well as uncooperative respondents. Other limitation can be as the result of lack of proper or thorough research on the topic, lack of available or reliable data, language barrier, cultural constrictions and measure used to collect the data. Time Schedule This research is supposed to run for a period of approximately 6 months. Activities outlined for the first month will include project planning through conducting stakeholder meetings, devising a networking plan and implementing a communication with potential key resource agents. The second month will be limited to data collection and data analysis through GIS, Microsoft Excel and other temporal database. Methodology assessment, prototype development, final interface development, and case study refinements and applications will be the main activities of the third month. The forth month will be limited to policy workshops, formulation of policy recommendations, and the drafting of the final report. Dissemination of the project recommendations and final report will occur on the fifth month. The projects financial report will also be drafted on the fifth month. The sixth month of the project will used to review the entire project and the making of necessary corrections and conclusion. Once the review is done, the project will be ready for submission. The given time frame will give the researcher ample time to collect data and fully analyse the study hence generating reliable findings and a viable conclusion. Conclusion While coming to the end of the study, it is evident the social network sites have a great impact on businesses either in a positive or a negative way on the level of customers. However, social networks can improve the advertising effectiveness of a companys brand instead of using a word of mouth. These sites therefore increase the brand exposure to customers hence increasing their market size. Moreover, feedbacks obtained on such sites concerning the products may help the organization to provide a mixed brand and customized business solution. However, when a certain brand receives negative feedback from customers, it may discourage other willing buyers from purchasing such products. It therefore means that business organization should maintain the use of social media in promoting their products. To achieve this, the business has to choose the social site that will enhance the growth of their business. The most important part is that the organization should be in a position to handle the negative feedback posted by customers on the social network References Wright, K.B., 2005. Researching Internet?based populations: Advantages and disadvantages of online survey research, online questionnaire authoring software packages, and web survey services. Journal of Computer?Mediated Communication, 10(3), pp.00-00. Greve, A. and Salaff, J.W., 2003. Social networks and entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 28(1), pp.1-22. Tsai, W. and Ghoshal, S., 1998. Social capital and value creation: The role of intrafirm networks. Academy of management Journal, 41(4), pp.464-476. Carney, M., 2005. Corporate governance and competitive advantage in family?controlled firms. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 29(3), pp.249-265. Gabbay, S.M. and Leenders, R.T., 1999. CSC: The structure of advantage and disadvantage. In Corporate social capital and liability (pp. 1-14). Springer US. Sledgianowski, D. and Kulviwat, S., 2009. Using social network sites: The effects of playfulness, critical mass and trust in a hedonic context. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 49(4), pp.74-83. Zimmer, C., 1986. Entrepreneurship through social networks. The art and science of entrepreneurship. Ballinger, Cambridge, MA, pp.3-23 Venkatraman, N. and Ramanujam, V., 1986. Measurement of business performance in strategy research: A comparison of approaches. Academy of management review, 11(4), pp.801-814. Baltar, F. and Brunet, I., 2012. Social research 2.0: virtual snowball sampling method using Facebook. internet Research, 22(1), pp.57-74. Arregle, J.L., Hitt, M.A., Sirmon, D.G. and Very, P., 2007. The development of organizational social capital: Attributes of family firms. Journal of management studies, 44(1), pp.73-95. Cho, H., Gay, G., Davidson, B. and Ingraffea, A., 2007. Social networks, communication styles, and learning performance in a CSCL community. Computers Education, 49(2), pp.309-329. Picazo-Vela, S., Gutirrez-Martnez, I. and Luna-Reyes, L.F., 2012. Understanding risks, benefits, and strategic alternatives of social media applications in the public sector. Government information quarterly, 29(4), pp.504-511. Jenkins, H., 2009. A business opportunitymodel of corporate social responsibility for small?and medium?sized enterprises. Business ethics: A European review, 18(1), pp.21-36.

Container Shipping Market free essay sample

Savannah and Port Everglades to their joint Europe-Ecuador service to cover the Europe-South US East Coast market. The service will continue to call at the Balboa hub in both directions to allow transhipment to other ports on the West Coast of South America. The rotation will be stretched to seven weeks, using 7 x 4,1324,872 TEU Panamaxes with high reefer capacity. SITC has placed an order for two 1,800 TEU containerships, with options for six more, from Taiwanese shipyard CSBC. This is the shipbuilder’s first order from a mainland Chinese company for more than 20 years. The firm vessels are priced at $23m each, and are scheduled for delivery in late 2014. Page 2 Licensed to The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Distribution is restricted; please remember to acknowledge the source. http://www. clarksons. net 12/05/2013 09:20:16 15304 M TEU 1. 25 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 Jan-12 Jan-13 According to the Shanghai Containerised Freight Index, spot rates for boxes shipped from Shanghai to Europe fell to th $940/TEU on the 12 April, their lowest level since February last year and a 34% fall since mid-March, as the ains made by the last round of general rate increases proved short-lived. We will write a custom essay sample on Container Shipping Market or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As a result of this market weakness, a number of carriers including Maersk Line and Hapag-Lloyd have postponed a second round of rate increases originally scheduled for mid-April. They will now be implemented during May. Elsewhere, freight rates for boxes shipped from Shanghai to the West Coast of America stood at $2,226/FEU, 3% below the full year 2012 average, and 11% below the January 2013 peak of $2,520/FEU. Clarkson Research Services Striking dockworkers at the Kwai Tsing Container Terminals in the port of Hong Kong caused significant disruption to a large number of liner services. Vessels faced 2-3 day berthing delays, while over 100,000 TEU of cargo was reportedly stuck on the quayside. Major carriers cancelled calls and diverted ships to other Pearl River ports such as Chiwan and Shekou, with shippers forced to tranship inbound cargo back to Hong Kong on Feeder vessels. March’s container throughput of 1. 88m TEU at the port represented an 8. 6% y-o-y decrease, yet the strike disruption is likely to affect April’s box handling volumes even more severely. Maersk Line is to increase the capacity of its India-Middle EastUS East Coast service with the replacement of 7 x 4,800 Panamax vessels with eight ships of 6,500 TEU the service turning in eight rather than seven weeks. An additional call at Algeciras will be made in both directions, while there will also be a degree of further slow steaming. The newly deployed vessels are expected to be reflagged to the US flag in order MSC is to launch a Far East-East Coast South America service using 11 x 3,000-5,000 TEU ships. The vessels include a number of Panamaxes reportedly chartered in at very low rates. The eleven week rotation will include a call in Port Elizabeth on the return leg with the first sailing is scheduled from Shanghai on the th 18 April. UASC is to enter the Far East-West Coast North America trade for the first time after agreeing to cooperate with CSCL on three separate Transpacific services. The Kuwaitheadquartered carrier will provide two Panamaxes for a service that calls in Seattle and Vancouver, and three for a Nansha-Los Angeles service. Idle Containership Fleet 12% 9% 6% 3% 0% Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13 % of total fleet capacity, TEU Source: CRSL, AXS Licensed to The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Distribution is restricted; please remember to acknowledge the source. http://www. clarksons. net 12/05/2013 09:20:16 15304 According to data reported by Alphaliner, the total containership capacity in lay-up reached 0. 83m TEU on th 25 March, with 269 vessels sitting idle. This is equivalent to 5. 1% of the fleet in terms of capacity. Over Q1 2013 the proportion of total capacity in lay-up fluctuated between 4. 6% and 5. 3%, while across full year 2012 an average of 4. 1% of capacity was idle. Briskly expanding consumer demand in emerging economies should promote strong development of North-South trades, which are projected to grow by 6. 0% this year. Meanwhile, intra-regional trade is expected to grow by 7. 6% in full year 2013, with intra-Asian trade growth remaining the powerhouse. Global container capable supply growth is expected to be broadly in balance with global demand growth in 2013. Carriers will continue to dampen actual running capacity growth on the mainlanes in an effort to support freight rates. Managing the capacity cascade will remain rucial in determining trade lane supply, while further slow steaming may continue to absorb some of the capacity growth. However, the volume of idle tonnage is likely to continue to supress earnings in the charter market. Meanwhile, demolition remains at elevated levels. In conjunction with the paucity of ordering, this rapid rate of scrapping has resulted in a shrinking fleet in the smaller size sectors. Overall, while supp ly growth may accelerate slightly this year, the orderbook schedule for 2014+ delivery still looks relatively thin.