Jan Van Eyck Madonna in the Church - 1223 Words

Madonna in a Church is a small oil panel on oak by Flemish painter Jan van Eyck. Madonna in a church was made between c. 1438-1440. Van Eyck has been traditionally credited with the invention of painting in oils, and, although this is incorrect, there is no doubt that he was the real master of the technique. The use of oil paints is very signiï ¬ cant in this artworkÊ ¼s luminescent quality and presentation of space. The artist creates a new relationship between the viewer and the picture. There is an illusion of a modern, threedimensional scene and through this new more naturalistic, lifelike approach, the viewer becomes connected to the painting, not just in physical terms, but socially, spiritually and emotionally as well. The minute we†¦show more content†¦We see a sculpture of Christ behind her, while the baby Jesus is in her arms. She is presented in the everyday life of those people living in the 15th century and part of their modern culture. The church is richly decorated, in the Gothic style. Jan Van Eyck pays attention to detail in his painting of architectural interiors, done with unrelenting accuracy. The church is an important symbol of MaryÊ ¼s chastity. ItÊ ¼s an Ideal church, Jan Van EyckÊ ¼s fantasy of a perfect interior to enthrone Mary. This is a way to represent the heavenly sphere in an environment that the people of the time period can recognize. Concluding from the small size of the painting, it was not a painting designed for a huge Gothic church where most paintings were much bigger in proportion. It was probably made for a wealthy man at the time. In the Renaissance it was common for wealthy people to collect artworks, it had a social signiï ¬ cance. Above this, religious paintings and prayer books were manifestations of commitment to prayer. The Flemish didnÊ ¼t limit their demonstration of piety to the public realm, the individuals commissioned artworks for private use in their homes as well. Ideology of the time also inï ¬â€šuenced the painting. The Madonna is holding the child that is supposed to be Christ. Her face is turned away from the child,Show MoreRelated Ian van Eyck Essay598 Words   |  3 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Jan van Eyck was a master in style and symbolism, establishing a firm superiority in glaze technique and delicately and elaborately applying subtle, yet powerful religious references to what at first glance may seem simple portraits. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Van Eyck’s drawing, Saint Barbara, completed in 1437, is an example of the artist’s use of fictional exotic or Romanesque style structures, suggestive of those from the Old Testament. (p.99 textbook) OtherRead MoreAnalysis Of Lucca Madonna1176 Words   |  5 PagesLucca Madonna, Jan Van Eyck Description Analysis Interpretation Judgment Art Criticism The Lucca Madonna portrays Virgin Mary sitting on a throne feeding baby Jesus. Van Eycks use of color truly draws the viewer to the painting. As soon as one sees the painting they as on looks upon the painting they are guided towards Mary and Jesus bright skin then is soon drawn to the beautiful scarlet dress Mary is wearing. There seems to be little negative space in the paintings. The throne of which MaryRead MoreEarly Renaissance And The Renaissance1205 Words   |  5 Pagesartist during this period was Masaccio (1401-1428), famous for his murals of the Trinity in the Church of Santa Maria Novella (1426) and in the Brancacci Chapel of Santa Maria del Carmine (1427), in Florence. Masaccio painted for five years but was highly dominant in the early Renaissance for the knowledgeable nature of his work, as well as naturalism. Florence in the renaissance The Catholic Church was a major sponsor of the arts during the Renaissance ranging from popes, prelates to convents,Read MoreReligion Is The Backbone Of Cultures Around The World1767 Words   |  8 Pagesart was created in order to convey a message while educating people about the religion. In Europe, the restriction by the Christian church allowed for limited subject matter, keeping works focused on religious themes. The ability of the Christian church to have control over the artist stemmed from them being the main commissioners of the artwork. Those themes were Madonna and Child, John the Baptist, David, and other predominant biblical figures. During the Middle Ages, it was quite common to see biblicalRead MoreEssay about Renaissance Figures2969 Words   |  12 Pagesthe subservient Thomas Cranmer became archbishop of Canterbury. He immediately pronounced Henrys marriage to Katharine invalid. Papal powers were transferred to the king, who became the supreme head of the English church. The break with Rome was now complete, and the Church of England was established. The king dealt harshly with rebellions against the abolition of papal supremacy and the dissolution of the monasteries. The end of Henrys reign saw a gradual move toward ProtestantismRead MoreThe Artistic Developments Of The Early Renaissance Period2091 Words   |  9 Pagespainting projects in Trecento Florence were created after the Black Death in the second half of the 14th century. The Strozzi Chapel in the Dominican church of Santa Maria Novella, is a fine example of this. The patron Tommaso Strozzi, commissioning Andrea di Cione (1308-1368) and Nardo di Cione (died c 1366) to decorate their family chapel in the church (fig 1, fig 2). There is much debate over the style and iconography of both the frescoes and the altarpiece and its relation to artistic changes directlyRead MoreArt History Study Guide3003 Words   |  13 PagesCampanille * Lorenzetti, Ambrogio –Allegory of Good Government in the City/Country * Lorenzetti, Pietro –Birth of a Virgin * Martini, Simone –Annunciation altarpiece * Orcagna –[and Bernardo Daddi] Tabernacle/ Madonna and Child with Saints, Orsanmichele, Florence * Pisano, Andrea –Life of John the Baptist/ Burial of John, S.Doors, Baptistery, Florence * Pisano, Nicola –Nativity/Pulpit, Baptistery, Pisa, * Pisano, Giovanni –Nativity/PulpitRead MoreThe Monuments Men: Critical Book Review Essay1638 Words   |  7 Pagesalso seemed to accentuate the reason why the Monuments Men were there through imagery and vivid descriptions of the same destruction that they were there to prevent. At Monte Cassino, Edsel describes the statues of angels that had once decorated the church in the huge pile of rubble that contained the remains of the basilica; in Normandy, France, The Hotel de Ville, a nearby museum, and â€Å"centuries of accumulated treasures were reduced to dust†; and lastly when Walker Hancock arrived at Aachen, GermanyRead More Leonardo Da Vinci Essay2754 Words   |  12 Pagesintroducing a more lifelike treatment of traditional subjects. His style preceded the realistic Florentine school of the early Renaissance founded by Giotto, and he is believed to have been Giottos teacher. Among di Pepo’s works are Crucifix and Madonna and Child. He also made a mosaic of Saint John and painted fresco cycles of saints, apostles, and scenes from the Apocalypse in the churches of San Francesco (Hale 161).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  James Snyder states that Paolo Uccello was one of the most innovativeRead MoreLeonardo Da Vinci2789 Words   |  12 Pagesintroducing a more lifelike treatment of traditional subjects. His style preceded the realistic Florentine school of the early Renaissance founded by Giotto, and he is believed to have been Giottos teacher. Among di Pepos works are Crucifix and Madonna and Child. He also made a mosaic of Saint John and painted fresco cycles of saints, apostles, and scenes from the Apocalypse in the churches of San Francesco (Hale 161). James Snyder states that Paolo Uccello was one of the most innovative artists

Feminism, By Simone Beauvoir Essay - 1734 Words

According to Simone Beauvoir, feminism has already been tainted to an extent that there seems no hope of talking about the subject. Though a lot has been said about feminism, little improvement has been seen in women and they are still subject to man. Woman no longer exists as a fellow man but lives in the shadow of a man. Though a woman is just a fellow human being like a man, society has made her less significant such that there are no definite characteristics relating to a woman as it is for a man (Simone, 1949). The author wondered whether women still existed, if they are supposed to exist, and if they existed, what place would the society place them. In her introduction, Simone Beauvoir develops her thesis by claiming that women are a lost course and tries to give different characteristics given to a man to show that there is no definite place for a woman in society. Though women make a half of human population, they are normally encouraged to be and behave like women and men are viewed as a superior human being such that a woman is just the other. She cannot exist without a man though a man can exist on his own. The author gives definitions of a woman as society perceives her. One of the definitions is that a woman is characterized by a womb. However, some scholars oppose the definition by claiming that though some women have a womb, they cannot be referred to as women. The very parts that make a woman are what seem to imprison her. Ovaries, uterus, and glands makeShow MoreRelatedSimone de Beauvoir: Feminism and Existentialism806 Words   |  4 PagesSimone de Beauvoir: Feminism and Existentialism Simone de Beauvoir talks about women through the eyes of an existentialist in her book The Second Sex. Specifically, de Beauvoir’s views on how woman is â€Å"man’s dependent† shows the Subject and the Other relationship, a solution she gives to abolishing the oppression of women is that we need to abandon the idea that women are born feminine, second, weaker and not made, and the responsibility that she puts on herself and women for accepting the rolesRead MoreThe Eyes Of Feminism By Simone De Beauvoir2343 Words   |  10 PagesOf the first person to attempt to view history through the eyes of feminism, Simone de Beauvoir asserts that man is the great subject and woman is the other – man is seen as essential, woman is not. Her primary argument is that men fundamentally oppress women by characterizing them as the ‘other’. The author also believes that women’s inferiority in society is not a result of natural, sexual differences but rat her of differences in the societal development of men and women. She argues that womenRead MoreAnalysis Of The Second Sex By Simone De Beauvoir1305 Words   |  6 PagesSimone de Beauvoir is one of the leading intellectuals of women in French culture, and is a famous feminist. Her book, The Second Sex, challenged political and existential theories. Her most long-lasting effect is how women understand themselves, their relationships, their place in society, and the construction of gender. In this case, Simone de Beauvoir, Michele Le Doeuff, and Christine Delphy all seem to agree or disagree that the core questions that women must understand is how they are definedRead MoreExistentialism : Simone De Beauvoir And Angst994 Words   |  4 PagesJack Curry Mrs. Firmender Great Books Honors 22 September 2015 Simone de Beauvoir and Angst Existentialism is somewhat of an open topic. For some, it is a way of life, and everything they do goes along by the rules of existentialism. Other people know what it is, yet don’t follow by it. And then there are the people who have no idea what it is. Nevertheless, existentialism is by definition â€Å"a philosophical theory or approach that emphasizes the existence of the individual person as a free and responsibleRead MoreGender : History, Culture And Ideology Essay1664 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment #1 With reference to Simone de Beauvoir and Betty Freidan discuss the issues that were central to second wave feminism. Name: Shuruti Sharma Date: October 28, 2016. Course Code: HUMA 1951 Course Name: Introduction to Gender: History, Culture and Ideology TA: Catherine Swenson Student Number: 214474803 The concept of second wave feminism has constructed progressing ideologies that attempted to help women overcome gender constructed norms they have facedRead MoreThe Second Sex!1578 Words   |  7 Pagesrole of feminism in the 20th century changed the lives of many women, opening new doors to greater opportunities such has: jobs, education, and empowerment. Many achievements and organizations were a success in bringing a new role into society for women all over. However, the battle that seems to keep reappearing over time is the constant struggle between man and women and the fundamental question that still is left unanswered, who is inferior? In her novel, The Second Sex, Simone de Beauvoir discussesRead MoreSimone De Beauvoir And Patricia Hill Collins Feminist Perspective On Womens Traditional Roles?1433 Words   |  6 Pages Simone De Beauvoir and Patricia Hill Collins Feminist Perspective on Women’s traditional Roles Selene Sandoval Sociology of Theory December 1, 2017 All throughout history women of all race have been portrayed as creatures whose opinions, feelings, and goals never mattered in this androcentric world. Although women have moved up in the equality ladder to some extended, women still have a longs ways to go when it comes down to real equal rights. So what is equal rightRead MoreBeauvoir s Feminist Beliefs : Simone De Beauvoir924 Words   |  4 PagesFeminist Beliefs (An educational analysis of Simone de Beauvoir s feminist beliefs) Simone de Beauvoir is to this day one of the key central figures in the women’s rights movement. She inspired people all over the world. Although she may not be the extreme feminist that people believe her to be. Beauvoir said many times that she naturally didn’t believe that women were inferior to men, but she also didn’t believe that they were naturally equal either. Beauvoir wrote the book The Second Sex which holdsRead MoreThe Sources Of Injustice Explained By Simone De Beauvoir1365 Words   |  6 PagesWoMEN (An Analysis of the Sources of Injustice Explained by Simone de Beauvoir in Second Sex) The idea of feminism and women’s rights have been under attack for years. Women themselves have been under attack for their entire lives. Women always have to be doing things correctly or men attack their very being. Men have expected women to be submissive to them from the beginning of time, as life has always been a patriarchy. Feminism has always been buried under the dirt but in the last 50-100 yearsRead MoreFeminism And Gender And Sexuality1378 Words   |  6 Pagesthey were entitled to, this notion sparked the concept of feminism. Simone De Beauvoir references women as the ‘second sex’, saying that â€Å"one is not born, but rather becomes a woman† (2382). By this statement, De Beauvoir argues that women are not born a women, but are taught from infancy to accept society’s role of ‘woman’. The idea that women are taught to accept their role by society is the concept that feminism fights. Historically, Feminism has evolved from the critical examination of inequality

Air bags can kill Essay Example For Students

Air bags can kill Essay Air Bags Can KillEven though air bags are designed to save lives, they can beharmful or fatal to some people. The National Highway Traffic SafetyAdministration has recognized this concern and has made efforts toreduce injuries caused by air bag deployment by allowing the installationof a switch that turns off air bags. But in order to have a switchinstalled, the driver must file a request for an air bag on-off switch. People shouldnt have to seek permission from the government todisable a device that has been found to be responsible for many deathsfrom their vehicles. According to The Oracle, Turning off the airbags,(http://zephyr.oracle.usf.edu/archive/199711/19971119/19971119-comment1.html), when an airbag deploys, there is an explosion in the dash andsteering wheel that releases the airbags at a speed of 200 mph. This forcehas been found to be the cause of many deaths, mostly being children. And the explosion that propels the airbag can cause chemical burns andeven blindness. The dangers of airbags are so great that carmanufacturers now put warning labels in vehicles explaining thedangers. Now, according to CNN, Government announces rules for airbag switches,(http://www.cnn.com/US/9711/18/airbags.presser/index.html), if theowner of a vehicle or a passenger has a medical condition which wouldput them at a greater risk from airbags, then they can apply permission todisable the airbags in their vehicle. This also applies if a child must ridein the front seat. But it doesnt protect people who would need to drivesomeone elses car, or people who would give someone elses children aride. It will only protect the vehicles owner and immediate family. Although passing the rule that allows the owner of a vehicle todisable the airbags is a good start in saving lives, it is not enough. Everyone cant have switches installed in their vehicles, just people whomeet the requirements set by the NHSTA. The government shouldnthave to decide whether or not air bags pose a treat to individualpassengers and drivers. As Henry Thoreau says in Civil DisobedienceConversations p.642, government is best which governs least. We justdont need laws on airbags at all. It would be more practical for thedriver of the car to make the choice if the airbags should be on or off. Ifthere is to be a law passed, then it should require auto manufactures toput shutoff switches on all vehicles equipped with airbags. Thegovernment wont do this because it has the attitude that it has to protecteveryone from themselves, and that if the people are given a choice intheir safety, then they will make the wrong choice. This is unfortunate,especially with airbags, because un like other mandatory safety devices,like seat belts, air bags have been proven dangerous. They now havewarnings on them explaining how dangerous they are and how to protectyourself from them, but wouldnt the best protection for some be turningthem off? For some the answer is yes. Even though most peoplebenefit from airbags in serious crashes, some dont. And these peopleneed to be able to turn off the air bag in front of them in any vehicle theydrive or ride in, not just the one they own. This problem has a simple solution. Allowing anyone to install a shutoff switch on his/her own vehicle without having to get permission from the government would be the first step. Also, all new vehicles should have airbag shutoff switches as standard equipment. And the NHTSA should put out public awareness advertisements about who airbags help and who they can be harmful to. The informed consumer would then be able to override the airbag system whenever they might pose a threat to the driver or passenger and many lives would be saved.

Australian Consumer Law for Viagogo Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Why the ACCC considers that Viagogo has breached the ACL? Answer: The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has taken the Switzerland based company Viagogo to the Federal Court as more than 400 consumer complaints had been launched against the company in only a year. The ACCC have alleged that the company has violated the provisions of theAustralian Consumer Law as provided in scheduled 2 of the Australian Competition and Consumer Protection Act 2010[1] through making representations which were false and misleading along with indulging in conduct which was deceptive and misleading. The legal proceedings have been initiated against the company after the investigation into the company had been conducted by the CHOICE. The investigation found that the alleged company was involved in Opaque advertising methods and drip pricing in order to enhance its sales. The purpose of the company was to facilitate the sale of tickets by people who were not able to attend a particular event which is a legitimate purpose given the right to people to s ell tickets for event they cannot attend. However in practicality the company charging hefty fees in relation to such transactions[2]. 473 contacts have being received by the ACCC this year from Australian consumers as provided by the Deputy Chairman of ACCC Delia Rickard. It was provided by the Australian consumer watchdog that they expect all website indulging in ticket re-selling to be upfront and clear with respect to the fees charged by them along with the type of tickets sold and the characteristic of their business. It had been alleged by the ACCC that the company did not disclose unavoidable and significant fee properly in relation to the ticket price which included booking fee of 27.6% along with the handling fee[3]. Section 18(1) of theAustralian Consumer Law prohibits any person or company to indulge in action which is misleading and deceptive are likely to mislead or deceive with respect to activities of trade and Commerce[4]. The legal proceedings which have been initiated by the consumer regulator was based on the tickets sold by the company between 1st May and 26th June 2017. While advertising to sell the book of moron for $135 the company was adding an additional fee of $42.50, the tickets for Ashes which were advertise to be sold for $ 330. 15 were added with an additional fee of 96.66 and the tickets for Cat Stevens which were advertise to be sold for $450 were added with an additional fee of $29.95. This action of the company accounted to the violation of Section 29 (1) (i) of the ACL which is in relation to false and misleading representation. As per the provisions of the section a person is not allowed to make a representation which is false and misleading to the consumers in the activities of trade and commerce. This action of the company is also the contravention of section 48 (1) (a) and (b) of the ACL in relation to hidden price[5]. In addition consumers were often directed to the website of the company without their knowledge from Google search where the company had hired top search results for maximum Entertainment music and sports events. An advertisement was made by the company that they are the authorised resellers which made many consumers to purchase tickets from them without having the knowledge that the company is actually a reseller. Allegations were made by the consumer watchdog that true the use of word official the company made a representation in such advertisements that consumers would be able to purchase original and official tickets from them where actually the company was a platform to sell tickets which was sold by others. This was again the breach of section 18(1) ACL in relation to deceptive and misleading conduct as well as section 29 of ACL in relation to false and misleading representation. The company had made Statesman that only 1% of the tickets are remaining to be sold in order to create urgency among the consumers to purchase the tickets quickly when the tickets would still be obtained from other sources selling the tickets. This was a form of bait advertisement which is discussed in section 35 of the Australian consumer law[6]. According to this section the sellers must not make an advertisement to increase the demand of the product without having intention to provide them. The action can also be charged under Section 18(1) of the ACL in relation to misleading and deceptive conduct as well as section 29(1)(i) related to false and misleading representation regarding price[7]. Warning had been issued by the consumer protection bodies of WA, NSW and Queensland to the consumers from purchasing tickets from the website. A provided by the consumer protection body of WA people only found out that they had purchased tickets for a reseller which they were not allowed to en ter into an event and had to repurchase the tickets or miss out the event. In relation to the case made by the ACCC against the company it seeks injunctions, declarations, corrective publication orders, pecuniary penalties along with compliance programs and cost of legal proceedings. The decision of the court in relation to this case can have various implications on the Australian ticketing industry. Relevant powers of the ACCC to ensure compliance with the ACL The ACCC is the apex competition regulator and consumer protection agency in Australia. It is an independent government authority created by the Australian Competition and Consumer Act 2010 in relation to public interest. The aim of the regulator is to promote fair trading by businesses along with providing protection to the consumers with respect to the actions of businesses. Wide range of compliance tools are used by the regulator to prevent violation of the legislation including consumer and business education and working together with the stakeholders. A range of enforcement remedies have also been provided by the legislation to the ACCC which includes outcomes based on court decisions and undertakings enforced by the courts. The Australian Consumer Law is applicable at the Commonwealth level and is thenational consumer law of Australia; it is also applicable in the states and territories. Four flexible and integrated strategies are employed by the ACCC in order to achieve compli ance objective of the ACL. Firstly the ACCC enforces the law which includes solving possible contraventions both in form of litigation and administrative manner. Secondly it educates and inform consumers and businesses with respect to the responsibilities and rights under the law in order to ensure compliance. Thirdly the regulator works closely with agencies for the implementation of such strategies through coordinated approaches. Finally market studies are undertaken by the ACCC in relation to emerging competition or consumer issues for the purpose of analysing and determining any failure in relation to the market and strategies to address them. Without the ACCC operating it would not be easy to control the market The ACCC have been able to derive various orders in its favour with respect to the ACL. In the case of Singtel Optus Pty Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission[8] unlimited download plan had been offered by the defendant company for all users who would use their services. The plan however has several limitations which included reduction of speed after downloading a particular amount of data. It was provided by the court in this case that the use of the word unlimited was misleading and deceptive. In the case of TPG Internet Pty Ltd vAustralian Competition and Consumer Commission[9] the court had imposed 2 million pecuniary penalties on the defendant for indulging in false and misleading advertisement. The court found the use of word unlimited and misleading and deceptive. Thus in the same way the ACCC has the power to impose penalties on Viagogo for adding the word official on its website where it is merely reselling tickets. In relation to price also the ACCC can obtai n penalty against the Company. Penalties had been obtained by the ACCC through the court for similar conduct by a company in the case of ACCC v AirAsia Berhad Company[10] In this case the court ordered a pecuniary penalty of $200000. Recommendations It has been provided by the case study that E-ticketing limited has a similar business model in relation to Viagogo. If they continue to use the same business model they will bring on the risk of being prosecuted by the ACCC. Firstly the company has to understand the concept in relation to misleading and deceptive conduct as provided by section 18 of the ACL. In order to operate in accordance to law the company has to ensure that the overall impression which is created by the conduct on the company is false or inaccurate or not. While the company does not have to provide information in all situations but under specific situation all relevant information has to be provided to the consumers to ensure compliance of section 18 of the ACL. This information includes any detail which may likely create a misleading or deceptive impression on the consumer. The information should also be disclosed where it is reasonably expected by the consumer that such information would be provided. Thus if a resold ticket is not valid, the same should be informed to the consumer. In addition making an advertisement through a search engine like Google should also not be deceptive or misleading as provided in section 18 and section 29 of the Act. In relation to pricing the business has to follow the guidelines as provided by section 48 of the Act. The price should therefore be all inclusive with no hidden fee to be added on latter while purchasing the product as it would be against section 29(1)(i) and 48(1)(a) and (b) of the ACL. Bibliography ACCC Takes Ticket Reseller Viagogo To Court (2017) Australian Competition and Consumer Commission https://www.accc.gov.au/media-release/accc-takes-ticket-reseller-viagogo-to-court. ACCC Takes Viagogo To Federal Court After More Than 400 Complaints (2017) CHOICE https://www.choice.com.au/shopping/everyday-shopping/tickets/articles/accc-takes-viagogo-to-federal-court-280817. ACCC v AirAsia Berhad Company [2012] FCA 1413 (14 December 2012). Australian Competition and Consumer Protection Act 2010 (Cth) at Schedule 2 Singtel Optus Pty Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer Commission [2012] FCAFC 20 TPG Internet Pty Ltd vAustralian Competition and Consumer Commission (No 2) [2013] FCAFC 37

Interconnecting the Network of Networks

Introduction The global telecommunications trend has witnessed a gradual shift from the traditional practice where national telecommunications service providers formed a monopoly both on the international and national markets. This traditional system is referred to as â€Å"network of networks†. The modern practice, however, has witnessed change whereby system integrators have been formed to offer services to the end users.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Interconnecting the Network of Networks specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These integrators interconnect between each other’s services and customize their services for individual end users’ good. The system has been referred to as â€Å"system of systems†. This paper explores in detail the new trend being witnessed in the market and analyzes its general impact as well as carries out a future analysis of the systems integration industry . Impact of systems integrators on responsibility issues Systems integrators will basically play an integral role of influencing relative price reductions to the end users. As the practise is today, consumers incur a lot of expenses in trying to obtain all round service through integrating numerous service providers. In order to acquire the right mix and integration, such integration would be too costly for individual or corporate users as it would also mean they hire expertise to help them out in achieving this goal. However, with the availability of systems integrators, users will no longer need to bother about choosing a portfolio of individual providers and determining each of their prices before integrating right choice of mix. There would equally be no reason for end users to incur extra costs and time hiring IT experts to execute their local integration (Noam para 5). The integration of systems, to a larger extent, would also result in improved service provision and therefore enhance quality on the part of users. The service integrators will particularly come up with tailor made services which will exactly suit users’ needs and therefore enhance their service provision or general satisfaction. The array of services will also be varied, including e-mail, data sources, transaction programs, bulletin boards, as well as audio and video publishers. Others will also include personal information screening, users groups, data storage services and, for residential users, customers’ telecommunications node within their premises’ vicinity. The provision of all these services and many others in one stop will enable consumers obtain their right choice of quality and mix without harboring doubts on quality because they will have a choice of demanding for what they think they rightfully require (McCauley 19). Heightened competition is also likely to be witnessed across the telecommunications industry as a result of these service integrators. The l iberation of the industry has limited government regulations which mainly existed to advance monopolistic policies and rules that aimed at protecting the national telecommunications service providers against any form of competition.Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, with the new trend where markets are defined more along customization and tailor made services rather than the traditional generalized delivery of service, entry into the market of other small scale service providers has brought about competition. Every service integrator is seeking to improve on delivery and service provision as a whole so as to win more customers. As a result, the system integrators have assumed the role of agents for end users against carriers. Where particular carriers are providing poor services, the service integrators intercept in order to protect their end users against such below par services. In other words, traditional problems that were associated with price, quality, market power and privacy have all been eliminated as a result of the competition witnessed in the market today. The level of government control has also reduced considerably with the shift from traditional national telecommunications service reliance to systems integration. The market and indeed the industry have generally been liberalized and therefore many players have been encouraged to enter. The relaxation of strict barriers that discouraged investors from venturing into the industry have also seen national governments do away with archaic laws that prohibited others from competing with the national telecommunications service providers. On the negative side though, the competitive pressure being exerted by systems of systems will definitely affect costs and prices in general. Although to the end user things are becoming more and more affordable, there is a huge challenge faced by systems owners on their capability to maintain the redistributive system that has traditionally existed. Generating subsidies as well as trying to transfer them internally from one user category to the other within the same service carrier is becoming impossible. Among the reasons identified to be affecting the existence of such an arrangement is the inability to sustain an internal redistribution given that there could be other carriers lacking redistributive burdens, and which could be targeting the subsidizing users. Residential users may equally pay a much higher share compared to large users like corporate organizations because cost shares amounting from the substantial joint expenses and costs may inversely be allocated to demand elasticity. Additionally, the corporate organizations which are generally categorized as large users have more than one option thus making them have greater elasticity. The inelastic customer will be more disadvantaged because the current trend of price rebalancing with ref erence to total costs incurred will exceed its objective (Harrigan 638).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Interconnecting the Network of Networks specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The confronting of these issues There have been witnessed several attempts and efforts which aim at confronting all the issues that were raised by Naom 9 years since he wrote his article on the emerging telecommunications trends. Firstly, public telecommunications operators are trying to protect their local markets by barring entry of systems integrators while at the same time they are attempting to venture into the international market. In essence, public telecommunications carriers from different countries are together forming a global systems integration forming dominant alliances. This trend has particularly been shaped up by the realization that private systems integrators, particularly from the United States of America and Japan, o ffer competitive services which can easily jeopardize the public telecommunications operator’s position. Authorities from different countries are also trying to come with new regulations that effectively address developments that come with the emerging telecommunications trend. There are difficulties, however, in addressing this whole issue because there is also need for allowing freedom and liberation to thrive in an industry that has for long been governed through monopoly. Some regulations imposed by authorities with the intention of opening up the market for free and fair play for all have, to the contrary, ended up curtailing on competition. The dynamism of the information technology has further compounded efforts to derive long time rules for the common good of all users. The highly innovative industry has seen inventions come up within short intervals that incidentally render the immediate former innovations and advancements obsolete. The future of systems integration Systems integration has a very enormous potential which remains largely underexploited. Restrictions still being witnessed in the name of providing barriers to market entry by large state-owned telecommunications carriers undermine its capabilities. However, as the information technology industry in general continues to expand with fast innovations, systems integration will most likely be the choice of many in the years to come. Globalization has brought about the need for people to rely more on information than has ever been the case. Many people continuously search for information sources that can satisfy their own unique quest without necessarily having to deal with a service that is too general and time consuming. The customized services for end users are more appealing to the consumers and offer them with the flexible choice of selecting packages that appropriately serve their needs. The high service quality that comes with systems integration is also likely to play an importan t role in establishing it as the future system of choice. As the competition amongst players intensifies, the ultimate consumer becomes the beneficiary because systems integrators are improving on their general service delivery to ensure they attract a large market. Prices are also relatively cheap as compared to the network to network system which apart from being costly is too rigid to suit customer demands (Sarkar, Cavusgil and Aulakh, 361).Advertising Looking for essay on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Technology and the future of university education Naom’s predictions through his article titled â€Å"Electronics and the dim future of the university† have actually come to pass. The classic university set up has gradually been altered by the information technology through its immense capabilities (Piccoli, Ahmad and Ives 401). Through innovations experienced in the information technology sector, the need to have physical universities as centers of knowledge has been phased out and instead new trends, as predicted by Naom, are emerging (Fletcher, Sigmund and Wisher 96). The changes so far have witnessed long distance or virtual classes take precedent in the modern days where video and internet equipment are used together to relay recorded lectures to students. Often, the students go about their normal studies but from remote locations that could even mean different countries or continents. The physical distance that existed in the traditional days has been eliminated and modern universities now have wider coverage than ever before. Further changes are expected to effect Naom’s observations back in 1995 even as the highly dynamic IT industry develops fast, improved, and reliable services (Noam para 4).. Conclusion The telecommunications sector has undergone a lot transformation in the recent past following the gradual improvement of the information capability. The internet in particular has made it possible for traditional telecommunications services to pave way for a new trend of systems integrations which basically improves on service delivery and quality of telecommunications services. A majority of public telecommunications operators have been exposed to competition from the systems integrators following the removal of monopolistic laws that shielded the mostly state-owned operators. The trend has seen the national and public telecommunications carriers concentrate on international operations as they interconnect their services with ot her international operators to form a global integrated system. The extent of IT effects has also affected the manner in which institutions of higher learning like universities operated traditionally, causing new trends and practices where learners no longer need to converge at a central location for purposes of taking their studies. Works Cited Fletcher, James Douglas, Sigmund Tobias and Wisher Robert A. â€Å"Learning anytime, anywhere: Advanced distributed learning and the changing face of education.† Educational Researcher. 36.2 (2007): 96-102. Web. Harrigan, Kathryn Rudie. â€Å"Formulating vertical integration strategies.† The Academy of Management Review. 9.4 (1984): 638-652. Web. McCauley, Herbert N. â€Å"Deceloping a corporate private network.† MIS Quarterly. 7.4 (1983): 19-33. Web. Noam, Eli M. â€Å"Beyond liberalization: From the network of networks to the system of systems.† Columbia Institute for Tele-Information, n.d. Web. Noam, Eli M. â⠂¬Å"Electronics and the dim future of the university.† Columbia Institute for Tele-Information, August 18, 1995. Web. Piccoli, Gabriele, Ahmad Rami and Ives Blake. â€Å"Web-based virtual learning environments: A research framework and a preliminary assessment of effectiveness in basic IT skills training.† MIS Quarterly. 25.4 (2001): 401-426. Web. Sarkar, M. Baenitz., Cavusgil S. Tamer and Aulakh Preet S. â€Å"International expansion of telecommunication carriers: The influence of market structure, network characteristics, and entry imperfections.† Journal of International Business Studies. 30.2 (1999): 361-381. Web. This essay on Interconnecting the Network of Networks was written and submitted by user Liberty Z. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Exam Essay Samples - How to Find the Best Ones

Exam Essay Samples - How to Find the Best OnesThe most basic step in writing a good essay is to get a good collection of essay samples. These will give you a firm foundation on which to start. There are many places that offer these as resources. You can find the best ones on the Internet.There are several sites that have compiled their best material in one place for easy access. This means that you can download, search and review the essays and then go over them with a fine tooth comb. This will save you a lot of time when it comes to getting all of the details right.Once you've got a list of essay samples from different sources you can begin to examine each of them in order to see how they fit together. You should also be able to see where the original writer was lacking and the areas that could be improved upon.You'll also need to look at the personal anecdotes that are included. There are some essays that come out so well because of the human element that is present, while others don't.The personal stories that appear in the essay samples vary in content. You'll find some that deal specifically with the environment and others that talk about life events and individual feelings.You may be surprised by how many essay samples there are that focus on personal stories. One way to make sure that you get something that has that quality to it is to have someone edit the material that you have access to.When you have a better idea of what kind of material you are looking for you can go on to getting the essay samples that are the best fit for your needs. Your experience will help you determine which ones you like the best. You won't be able to do this if you take your first draft without even editing it.Once you've got all of the essay samples that you need you can continue to review them to make sure that you've got a great exam essay. You'll know that you have written a good one when other lawyers see it.

Free Essays on Experience of Literature

The Nymph and the Landslide For this comparative essay, I have chosen to compare the poem â€Å"The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd,† by Sir Walter Ralegh to the song Landslide written by Stevie Nicks and performed by the band Fleetwood Mac. The content of the essay will focus on the tone, theme, sound effects, imagery, point of view and form between the two works. In â€Å"The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd,† the tone of the poem is non-optimistic. The nymph can not see the idealistic view of the shepherd ever working. She relates everything will change due to time and therefore believes the shepherds love will not last forever as well. The nymph states, â€Å"Time drives the flocks from the field to fold/When rivers rage and rocks grow cold.†(pg. 899 Bedford) This shows us that she feels nothing will last because eventually time takes over and everything changes. Even with all the offers the shepherd had for her she still rejects him with the doubt that it will not be everlasting. She says â€Å"Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of roses/ Thy cap, thy kirtle and thy poises/Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten,†(pg. 899 Bedford) which amplifies her statement that she doubts the shepherds love. At the end of the poem, the nymph reverses her views, but we find that she asks for impossible feats to happen in orde r for her to love the shepherd. The terms on which she states that she would love the shepherd are â€Å"But could youth last and love still breed/Had joys no date nor age no need/Then these delights my mind move/To live with thee and be thy love.†(pg. 900 bedford) This shows that if time and change never occurred she would love the shepherd because it would be forever. On the other hand, the tone of Landslide is very reflective. The narrator is reflecting on her love and how she spent it. It seems that she is also afraid of a change coming, but is ready and willing to accept it. This is so because the narrator fe... Free Essays on Experience of Literature Free Essays on Experience of Literature The Nymph and the Landslide For this comparative essay, I have chosen to compare the poem â€Å"The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd,† by Sir Walter Ralegh to the song Landslide written by Stevie Nicks and performed by the band Fleetwood Mac. The content of the essay will focus on the tone, theme, sound effects, imagery, point of view and form between the two works. In â€Å"The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd,† the tone of the poem is non-optimistic. The nymph can not see the idealistic view of the shepherd ever working. She relates everything will change due to time and therefore believes the shepherds love will not last forever as well. The nymph states, â€Å"Time drives the flocks from the field to fold/When rivers rage and rocks grow cold.†(pg. 899 Bedford) This shows us that she feels nothing will last because eventually time takes over and everything changes. Even with all the offers the shepherd had for her she still rejects him with the doubt that it will not be everlasting. She says â€Å"Thy gowns, thy shoes, thy bed of roses/ Thy cap, thy kirtle and thy poises/Soon break, soon wither, soon forgotten,†(pg. 899 Bedford) which amplifies her statement that she doubts the shepherds love. At the end of the poem, the nymph reverses her views, but we find that she asks for impossible feats to happen in orde r for her to love the shepherd. The terms on which she states that she would love the shepherd are â€Å"But could youth last and love still breed/Had joys no date nor age no need/Then these delights my mind move/To live with thee and be thy love.†(pg. 900 bedford) This shows that if time and change never occurred she would love the shepherd because it would be forever. On the other hand, the tone of Landslide is very reflective. The narrator is reflecting on her love and how she spent it. It seems that she is also afraid of a change coming, but is ready and willing to accept it. This is so because the narrator fe...